A Amurka, tseren neman iko a fannin fasahar kere-kere na ɗaukar wani muhimmin mataki, wanda aka nuna a karo tsakanin hangen nesa na siyasa masu adawa. A gefe guda kuma, Donald Trump, wani mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a, ya tsaya kan bakansa na ci gaba da jagorantar Amurka a fannin fasahar kere-kere ta AI. A gefe guda kuma, Gwamnan Jam'iyyar Democrat na California Gavin Newsom, wanda a ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 2025, ya sanya hannu kan wasu dokoki masu tasowa da nufin daidaita fasahar kere-kere ta AI, tare da mai da hankali kan kare yara.
Tsarin Ka'idoji na Farko don AI
California, wacce take gida ga manyan kamfanonin fasaha 50 na duniya, tana sanya kanta a matsayin babbar mai taka rawa a cikin ƙa'idojin AI. Waɗannan dokoki, daga cikin na farko a irinsu a Amurka, suna sanya tsauraran buƙatu ga masu gudanar da abin da ake kira "aboki" chatbots - shirye-shiryen da aka tsara don yin tattaunawa da masu amfani. Waɗannan kayan aikin yanzu dole ne su haɗa da kariya don gano da toshe abubuwan da ke haɓaka cutar da kai ko kashe kai.
Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar su tura masu amfani zuwa ayyukan tallafin lafiyar kwakwalwa idan ya zama dole.
Wani muhimmin mataki ya shafi ƙananan yara: dole ne dandamali su aika da tunatarwa duk bayan sa'o'i uku suna ba wa matasa masu amfani shawara su huta su kuma bayyana cewa suna mu'amala da wani mai amfani da fasahar zamani (AI), ba ɗan adam ba. Waɗannan matakan suna da nufin kare matasa masu rauni daga haɗarin tunani da ke tattare da amfani da irin waɗannan fasahohi na dogon lokaci ko rashin kulawa sosai.
Magance Haɗarin da Ke Iya Faru a Chatbots
Da yake sanya hannu kan waɗannan dokoki, Gavin Newsom ya jaddada buƙatar gaggawa ta "tsaro" don sarrafa fasahohin zamani kamar chatbots da kafofin sada zumunta. Ya yi gargaɗin cewa ba tare da kulawa ba, waɗannan kayan aikin za su iya "cin zarafin yara, yaudara, ko kuma jefa su cikin haɗari". Matsayinsa ya samu karɓuwa daga shari'o'in da suka shafi duniya, kamar na Adam Raine, wani ɗan California mai shekaru 16 wanda iyayensa suka kai ƙarar OpenAI, suna zargin cewa ChatGPT ya ba da gudummawa ga kashe ɗansu.
Wannan bala'in ya ƙara damuwa a tsakanin 'yan majalisa game da tasirin tattaunawa ta AI kan lafiyar kwakwalwa ga matasa da masu amfani da ita.
Ci gaba da Tallafawa Masana'antar Fasaha
Sabbin dokokin sun haifar da suka mai tsanani daga masana'antar fasaha. TechNet, wata ƙungiya da ke wakiltar manyan 'yan wasa kamar Meta, Google, da OpenAI, ta yi suka sosai kan tsarin dokokin. Suna jayayya cewa ma'anar "abokin hulɗa da chatbot" ba ta da cikakken bayani kuma suna nuna damuwa game da barazanar shigar da ƙarar shari'a saboda rashin bin ƙa'ida.
A ganinsu, waɗannan matakan za su iya hana kirkire-kirkire da kuma raunana gasa a fannin fasaha na California—hujjar da ta yi daidai da matsayin Donald Trump na rage dokoki.
Shugaban Amurka, wanda alkaluma kamar Mark Zuckerberg na Meta da Sam Altman na OpenAI ke goyon bayansa a fannin kuɗi, yana fafutukar ganin an yi amfani da tsarin laissez-faire don ci gaba da sa kamfanonin Amurka su ci gaba a gasar AI ta duniya. Ga Trump, yawan dokoki na iya kawo cikas ga ikon kamfanonin Amurka na yin gogayya da abokan hamayyarsu na duniya, musamman a China.
Rangwame Ya Haifar da Cece-kuce
Duk da niyyarsu ta kare yara, sabbin dokokin California ba su gamsar da ƙungiyoyin kare yara ba. Wasu suna sukar sassaucin da aka yi a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga masana'antar fasaha. Misali, an keɓe manhajojin chatbots da ake amfani da su a wasannin bidiyo ko masu taimaka wa murya daga ƙa'idodin, wani mataki da masu suka suka ɗauka a matsayin sadaukarwa ga yin amfani da kamfanoni.
Daidaita Bidi'a da Nauyi
Wannan faɗa tsakanin ƙa'idoji da kirkire-kirkire ya nuna ƙalubalen da ke tattare da gudanar da masana'antu mai saurin tasowa. California, ta hanyar waɗannan matakan, tana neman daidaita rawar da take takawa a matsayin jagorar AI ta duniya tare da alƙawarin kare 'yan ƙasarta, musamman yara. Duk da haka, tare da masana'antar fasaha mai ƙarfi da kuma gwamnatin tarayya da ke goyon bayan rage ƙa'idoji, yaƙin da ake yi don tsara makomar AI a Amurka ya fara. An kama tsakanin hangen nesa mai ƙarfi na Gavin Newsom da kuma hanyar da Donald Trump ke bi wajen tallafawa kasuwanci, hanyar da za a bi don ci gaban AI a Amurka ta dogara ne akan daidaito mai kyau tsakanin ci gaban fasaha da amincin masu amfani.
source: LATIMES
