E-United States, ugqatso lokulawula ubuchule bokwenziwa luthatha inyathelo elibalulekileyo, oluphawulwa kukungqubana phakathi kwemibono yezopolitiko echaseneyo. Kwelinye icala kumi uDonald Trump, ummeli oqinileyo wendlela yokulawula ukugcina ubunkokeli behlabathi baseMelika kwi-AI. Kwelinye icala, iRhuluneli yeDemocratic yaseCalifornia uGavin Newsom, owathi ngo-Okthobha 13, 2025, watyikitya uthotho lwemithetho ephambili ejolise ekulawuleni i-AI, egxile ngakumbi ekukhuseleni abantwana.
Isakhelo soLawulo oluPhambili lwe-AI
ICalifornia, ikhaya leenkampani ezingama-32 kwezona ziphezulu ezingama-50 zobuchwepheshe ehlabathini, izibeka njengomdlali ophambili kwimithetho ye-AI. Le mithetho, phakathi kwezona zokuqala zohlobo lwayo e-US, ibeka iimfuno ezingqongqo kubasebenzisi be-chatbots ezibizwa ngokuba “ziiqabane”—iinkqubo ezenzelwe ukubandakanya incoko nabasebenzisi. Ezi zixhobo ngoku kufuneka zibandakanye iindlela zokukhusela ukubona nokuthintela umxholo okhuthaza ukuzenzakalisa okanye ukuzibulala.
Ukongeza, kufuneka bathumele abasebenzisi kwiinkonzo zenkxaso yempilo yengqondo xa kuyimfuneko.
Elinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo lijolise kubantwana abancinci: amaqonga kufuneka athumele izikhumbuzo rhoqo emva kweeyure ezintathu ecebisa abasebenzisi abancinci ukuba bathathe ikhefu kwaye ecacisa ukuba basebenzisa i-AI, hayi umntu. La manyathelo ajolise ekukhuseleni ulutsha olusengozini kwiingozi zengqondo ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa ixesha elide okanye ukungalawulwa kakuhle kwezo teknoloji.
Ukujongana neengozi ezinokubakho zeeChatbots
Ekutyikityeni le mithetho, uGavin Newsom ugxininise imfuneko engxamisekileyo “yokugada” ukulawula ubuchwepheshe obutsha obufana nee-chatbots kunye neendaba zoluntu. Ngaphandle kokubekwa esweni, walumkisa, ezi zixhobo “zinokuxhaphaza, zikhohlise, okanye zibeke emngciphekweni” abantwana. Ukuma kwakhe kuqiniswa ziimeko zokwenyani, ezifana neka-Adam Raine, ummi waseCalifornia oneminyaka eli-16 ubudala onabazali bakhe abamangalele i-OpenAI, besithi i-ChatGPT ibe negalelo ekuzibulaleni konyana wabo.
Le ntlekele inyuse inkxalabo phakathi kwabenzi bomthetho malunga nempembelelo ye-AI yokuthetha kwimpilo yengqondo yabasebenzisi abancinci nabasengozini.
Ukubuyiselwa kweMicimbi yoBugcisa
Le mithetho mitsha ibangele ukugxekwa okukhulu kushishino lwetekhnoloji. I-TechNet, umbutho omele abadlali abaphambili abanjengoMeta, iGoogle, kunye ne-OpenAI, uyigxekile kakhulu inkqubo-sikhokelo yomthetho. Bathi inkcazo "ye-chatbot yeqabane" ayicacanga kakhulu kwaye ibonakalisa inkxalabo malunga nosongelo lokuthatha amanyathelo asemthethweni ngenxa yokungathobeli imithetho.
Ngokombono wabo, la manyathelo anokuthintela ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha aze anciphise ukukhuphisana kwecandelo lezobuchwepheshe laseCalifornia—ingxoxo ehambelana nesimo sikaDonald Trump sokungalandeli imithetho.
Umongameli wase-US, exhaswa ngemali ngabantu abanjengoMark Zuckerberg waseMeta kunye noSam Altman wase-OpenAI, ukhuthaza indlela yokungavumeli ukuba iinkampani zaseMelika zihambe phambili kugqatso lwe-AI lwehlabathi. KuTrump, imithetho egqithisileyo ibeka emngciphekweni amandla eenkampani zaseMelika okukhuphisana nabachasi bamazwe ngamazwe, ngakumbi eTshayina.
Izivumelwano Zibangela Impikiswano
Nangona injongo yayo yokukhusela abantwana, imithetho emitsha yaseCalifornia ayiwanelisekanga ngokupheleleyo amaqela alwela abantwana. Abanye bagxeka ukuvumelana okwenziwe phantsi koxinzelelo oluvela kushishino lwetekhnoloji. Umzekelo, ii-chatbots ezisetyenziswa kwimidlalo yevidiyo okanye abancedisi belizwi azizange zisetyenziswe kwimithetho, nto leyo ebonwa ngabagxeki njengokuzinikela ekukhuthazeni iinkampani.
Ukulungelelanisa ukusungula kunye noxanduva
Olu ngquzulwano phakathi komthetho kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha lubonisa imingeni yokulawula ishishini elitshintsha ngokukhawuleza. ICalifornia, ngokusebenzisa la manyathelo, ifuna ukulinganisela indima yayo njengenkokeli ye-AI yehlabathi ngokuzibophelela ekukhuseleni abemi bayo, ingakumbi abantwana. Nangona kunjalo, ngeshishini letekhnoloji elinamandla kunye nolawulo lukarhulumente oluxhasa ukurhoxiswa kwemithetho, umlo wokubumba ikamva le-AI e-US usaqala nje. Ibanjwe phakathi kombono kaGavin Newsom onesibindi kunye nendlela kaDonald Trump yokuxhasa ishishini, indlela eya phambili ye-AI eMelika ixhomekeke kukulinganisela okubuthathaka phakathi kwenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kunye nokhuseleko lwabasebenzisi.
Umthombo: I-LATIMES
